Snowmelt characteristics in a pristine mountain catchment of the Jalovecký Creek,Slovakia, over the last three decades     

Ladislav Holko  Michal Danko  Patrik Sleziak 《水文研究》2021,35(4):e14128

The Jalovecký Creek catchment, Slovakia (area 22.2 km², mean elevation 1500 m a.s.l.), is likely the last big valley complex in the Carpathian Mountains, in which the hydrological cycle is still governed by natural processes. Hydrological research is conducted there since the end of the 1980s. The overall mission of the research is to increase the knowledge about the hydrological cycle in the highest part of the Carpathians. The research agenda, briefly introduced in the first part of this article, is focused on water balance, snow accumulation and melt and runoff formation. Recent analysis of precipitation, discharge, snow cover and isotopic data from period 1989–2018 indicates that hydrological cycle has become more dynamic since 2014. Although several indicators suggest that it could be related to the cold part of the year, direct links with snow storage and the contribution of snowmelt water to catchment runoff were not confirmed. The second part of the article is therefore focused on an analysis of daily cycles in streamflow in March to June 1988–2018 to obtain a deeper insight into the snowmelt process. We describe characteristics of the cycles and examine their variability over the study period. The results indicate that less snow at the lowest elevations (800–1150 m a.s.l.) since 2009 could have influenced the cessation of the cycles in June since 2010. The possible role of the decreased amount of snow at the lowest elevations in changes in runoff characteristics is also suggested by an increase in time lags between maximum discharges during the events and maximum air temperatures preceding discharge maxima measured near the catchment outlet (at 750 m a.s.l.) in spring 2018 compared to springs with a similar number of streamflow cycles in the years 1988, 2000 and 2009. Wavelet analysis did not indicate changes in global power spectra in hourly discharge and air temperature data.  相似文献   

中国海洋腹足类分类学研究进展——纪念中国科学院海洋研究所建所70周年     

张素萍  张树乾 《海洋科学》2020,44(7):71-78

中国科学院海洋研究所建所70年来，在海洋贝类分类学研究领域取得了长足发展与进步，做出一系列开创性研究成果。本文综述了建所以来我所海洋腹足类分类学研究方面的主要进展，概述了取得的主要科研成果，分析了现代腹足类分类学研究的发展趋势以及面临的挑战，并对今后的发展提出了相应对策和建议。  相似文献   

联体线虫科(线虫动物门)系统分类研究进展          下载免费PDF全文

林施泉  王小谷  王春生 《海洋学研究》2020,38(2):49-65

联体线虫科是自由生活海洋线虫中种类多样性较高的一个科,广泛分布于潮间带、浅海甚至超过6 000 m的深渊海底。联体线虫科目前已记录有19个属239个有效种(另有4个属由于原始描述较简单,被认为是疑似属),是当前海洋线虫分类学研究最为活跃的一个科。本文简述了联体线虫科的系统分类研究历史,回顾了这一类群的国内外系统分类学研究进展,对3个亚科的分类进一步做了梳理,并列出了各个属的种类检索表。  相似文献   

湖南仁里超大型钽铌矿床工作进展及找矿思路     

杨世珍  周芳春  李建斌  刘翔  李建康  黄志飚  苏俊男  李鹏 《中国地质调查》2020,7(4):28-36

湖南仁里超大型钽铌矿床钽铌铍矿资源丰富,Ta₂O₅资源量达到了超大型规模,BeO资源量达到了大型规模。为进一步研究湖南仁里超大型钽铌矿床稀有金属的赋存特征、成矿规律及矿产资源综合利用前景,开展了地球化学分析、电子探针、包裹体、同位素测年及可选性试验等研究工作,通过系统梳理仁里超大型钽铌矿床的工作进展,进一步探讨了该矿床的下一步找矿思路。仁里钽铌矿床共(伴)生矿种多,稀有金属综合回收率及矿产资源采选综合利用率高,具有极大的开发利用价值,可作为绿色、环保、无尾矿范例进行高效勘查与开发。仁里矿区钽铌铍矿资源丰富,具有较好的找矿潜力,加大地质勘查资金投入有望取得钽铌铍锂等稀有金属找矿新进展。下一步应对矿区2、3、5、6号主矿脉深部矿体进行控制,力争取得钽铌铍矿找矿突破,同时加强对矿区西部或西南部隐伏锂辉石白云母钠长石伟晶岩的研究工作,力争取得锂辉石白云母钠长石伟晶岩型锂矿找矿突破。  相似文献   

The Digital Belt and Road program in support of regional sustainability     

Huadong Guo  Yubao Qiu  Massimo Menenti  Fang Chen  Paul F. Uhlir 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2018,11(7):657-669

The Belt and Road initiative has a significant focus on infrastructure, trade, and economic development across a vast region, and it also provides significant opportunities for sustainable development. The combined pressure of climate variability, intensified use of resources, and the fragility of ecosystems make it very challenging, however, to achieve future sustainability. To develop the path in a sustainable way, it is important to have a comprehensive understanding of these issues across nations and evaluate them in a scientific and well-informed approach. In this context, the Digital Belt and Road (DBAR) program was initiated as an international venture to share expertise, knowledge, technologies, and data to demonstrate the role of Earth observation science and technology and big Earth data applications to support large-scale development. In this paper, we identify pressing challenges, present the research priorities and foci of the DBAR program, and propose solutions where big Earth data can make significant contributions. This paper calls for further joint actions and collaboration to build a digital silk road in support of sustainable development at national, regional and global levels.  相似文献   

移动轨迹聚类方法研究综述   总被引：6，自引：2，他引：4  

牟乃夏  徐玉静  张恒才  陈洁  张灵先  刘希亮 《测绘通报》2018,(1):1-7

轨迹数据是人类移动行为的表征,能够映射出人的出行模式和社会属性等信息。怎样有效挖掘轨迹数据蕴藏的人类活动规律一直是研究的热点。通过轨迹聚类发现行为相似的类簇,从而探究群体的移动模式是轨迹挖掘和深度应用常见的方法之一。本文首先根据轨迹数据的特点,将轨迹数据模型分为轨迹点模型和轨迹段模型,并据此定义相应的相似性度量：空间相似性度量和时空相似性度量;然后,对两类模型的聚类方法进行了综述,并总结不同聚类算法的优缺点,以期为不同应用选取聚类算法提供科学依据;最后对移动轨迹数据聚类方法研究的发展趋势进行了讨论。  相似文献   

华北汛期降水长期变化规律研究新进展          下载免费PDF全文

刘海文  袁帅  杨朝虹  武凯军  朱玉祥  林一骅 《大气科学学报》2022,45(5):700-712

华北汛期降水的年代际减少,一直是气候学领域关心的重要课题之一。本文扼要回顾了华北汛期旱涝研究的最新代表性成果,主要包括华北汛期起讫的客观识别、华北汛期降水多时间尺度的变化特征、华北汛期降水变化与大气遥相关型的关系,以及华北汛期降水量增多趋势的停滞等。在此基础之上,归纳和总结了该领域需要继续深入研究的问题,如：华北汛期起讫时间的统一性;在华北汛期降水年代际变少的归因分析中,其年际振荡成分衰减的物理原因;华北汛期降水年代际变多趋势停滞的原因;华北汛期降水何时恢复增多等科学问题。  相似文献   

中国地质学会公布第三届科普奖评选结果     

孙莉莉  高梦瑶 《地质论评》2022,68(5):1603-1771

为推动中国地质学会地学科普研学工作的开展,根据 《中国地质学会精品地学研学路线、课程评选办法(试行)》, 学会组织开展了第二批精品地学研学路线、第一批精品地学 研学课程的申报、推荐和评审工作。  相似文献   

熵权法在水资源与水环境评价中的研究进展   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

刘红雨  刘友存  孟丽红  焦克勤  朱明勇  陈燕奎  张鹏飞 《冰川冻土》2022,44(1):299-306

随着人口增长和经济社会的发展,水资源的供需矛盾日益增多,对水资源进行合理开发、高效利用、优化配置、全面节约、有效保护、综合治理是至关重要的新任务。熵权法是研究水资源可持续利用的重要方法,可以剔除指标体系中对评价结果贡献较小的指标,减少人为因素对于主观权重的影响,其计算结果真实准确,能够客观地反映水资源与水环境的现状,因此被广泛应用于水资源与水环境评价中,从而为水资源的高效利用及水环境的综合评价提供科学依据。本文对熵权法的由来及在水资源与水环境评价中的发展进程进行了探讨,重点对熵权法在水资源量、水资源承载力、水环境质量和水生态环境评价四个方面的应用进行了讨论和总结,并发现熵权法在水资源与水环境评价中有着良好的应用前景;同时,针对当前熵权法在水资源与水环境评价中存在的不足,提出了改进建议,为水资源与水环境评价的研究方向提供了新思路。除此之外,对熵权法的未来进行了展望：熵权法可与其他方法创新结合共同使用,构建合理全面的评价指标体系,在水资源利用发展趋势、时空格局演变等领域推广应用。  相似文献   

Research progress and prospect of snow avalanche disaster prevention and control北大核心CSCD     

Hao J.  Li L. 《冰川冻土》2022,(3):722-770

Snow avalanches are a major natural hazard in the cryosphere. It seriously threatens transportation corridors, energy transmission and communication lines, mining and touristic areas in the cold mountainous regions and often causes the destruction of infrastructure and human casualties, hindering the sustainable development of society and economy in mountainous areas. Under climate change and the expansion of human activities to alpine mountains, more population and infrastructure will expose to the risk of avalanches. In order to ensure the sustainable development in mountainous areas, the demand for the prevention and management of avalanche disasters is increasing. Based on the review of the main avalanche research progress in China since 1960 and the avalanche research results all over the world, this paper summarized the progress on the influencing factors and regional distribution of avalanche activities, avalanche formation and movement mechanism, avalanche monitoring and early warning, avalanche risk assessment and engineering prevention, as well as the frontier problems and scientific difficulties that need to be studied. In addition, the impact of climate change on avalanche activities and the interaction between human activities and avalanche activities are discussed. By looking forward to the future needs of avalanche disaster prevention and reduction, including the countermeasures, the research on avalanche in China is promoted. © 2022 by the Author(s).  相似文献